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Nominal style vs. verbal style

Nominalstil vs. Verbalstil

Transforming -based clauses into -based phrases (and back) - the register switch that defines formal written German.

Structure

Verbalstil: „weil … sank“ ↔ Nominalstil: „wegen des Sinkens …“

verbal style: „weil … sank“ ↔ nominal style: „wegen des Sinkens …“

Details

Part of Speech
Style
Register
Formal/written

Explanation

What it is: This is the register contrast that defines formal written German. Verbalstil expresses events with finite verbs and conjunctions; Nominalstil compresses the same content into noun phrases governed by prepositions.

When it is used: Nominalstil raises the register and is typical of academic, official and journalistic prose; Verbalstil is livelier and clearer and dominates speech. Each subordinating maps onto a :

  • weilwegen / aufgrund
  • nachdemnach
  • damitzur / zwecks
  • obwohltrotz

How it works: A finite clause becomes a group, often with a nominalisation in -ung, -nahme or -gabe:

  • Nachdem der Vertrag unterzeichnet worden warNach Unterzeichnung des Vertrags (After the signing of the contract)
  • Weil die Nachfrage gestiegen istAufgrund der gestiegenen Nachfrage (Because of the increased demand)

Examples:

  • Aufgrund der anhaltenden Trockenheit musste die Bewässerung eingeschränkt werden. - Owing to the persistent drought, irrigation had to be restricted.
  • Zwecks Überprüfung wurden die Akten eingezogen. - For the purpose of checking, the files were withdrawn.

Common mistakes: Overusing nominal style produces opaque "Beamtendeutsch." Keep the original relation intact, and do not drop necessary endings (des Vertrags).

About Nominal style vs. verbal style

Transforming -based clauses into -based phrases (and back) - the register switch that defines formal written German.

Nominalstil compresses a finite clause into a group governed by a : „Nachdem der Vertrag unterzeichnet worden war“ → „Nach Unterzeichnung des Vertrags“. It raises register but, overused, becomes opaque „Beamtendeutsch“. Verbalstil is livelier and clearer.

Die Umformung verbaler Nebensätze in Nominalgruppen (und umgekehrt); der Registerwechsel des gehobenen Schriftdeutsch.

Caution

Heavy nominalisation reads bureaucratic. Each subordinating conjunction maps to a preposition: weil→wegen/aufgrund, nachdem→nach, damit→zur/zwecks. Keep the original tense relation intact.